Pile-and-concrete connector

ABSTRACT

A device anchoring a concrete slab to the top of a wooden or concrete pile, preventing the concrete, when subjected to uplift, from tearing away from the pile. A notch on each side of the pile has a surface inclined upward and outward from the pile&#39;&#39;s axis and supporting concrete-anchoring means. This inclined surface resists uplifting force on the slab. One type of anchoring device comprises a rod extending thru the pile, inclined to a plane containing its axis, and ending above it in a concrete-anchoring hook. Another type comprises an angle iron, fixed in the notch, and extending laterally beyond the sides of the pile. To this angle a hooked concrete-anchoring rod (or pair of rods) optionally may be fixed.

United States Patent [72] lnventors Robert Fred Moore 1625 Third Ave, Picayune, Miss. 37446;

Alvin Edward Moore, 916 Beach Blvd., Waveland, Miss. 38576 [21] Appl. No. 843,516 [22] Filed July 22, 1969 [45] Patented Aug. 17, 1971 [54] PlLE-AND-CONC RETE CONNECTOR 15 Claims, 14 Drawing Figs.

[52] US. CL 52/250, 52/263, 52/281, 52/301, 52/712 51] 1nt.C1. E04b1/41, E04b 1/30, E04b 5/16 [50] Field oiSearch 52/263, 250 251281, 285, 287, 301, 334; 61/53; 85/7, 8.6, 8.9; 24/211 K, 222.223; 151/57, 64, 67

[56] References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 851,037 4/1907 Solomon 151/57 1,181,876 S/l9l6 Hall 61/53 1,348,767 8/1920 White 85/8.6

1,487,184 3/1924 Saunier 85/8.9

2,952,061 9/1960 Warner 52/253 3,295,332 1/1967 Dougherty 61/53 3,490,185 1/1970 Moore et al. 52/301 OTHER REFERENCES Cerqenstone Publication of Pittsburgh, Pa., December 1942, Copy in Art Unit 356 class 52, subclass 251 Primary ExaminerFrank L. Abbott Assistant Examiner-James L. Ridgill, Jr. Attorney-Alvin Edward Moore ABSTRACT: A device anchoring a concrete slab to the top of a wooden or concrete pile, preventing the concrete, when subjected to uplift, from tearing away from the pile. A notch on each side of the pile has a surface inclined upward and outward from the piles axis and supporting concrete-anchoring means. This inclined surface resists uplifting force on the slab. One type of anchoring device comprises a rod extending thru the pile, inclined to a plane containing its axis, and ending above it in a concrete-anchoring hook. Another type comprises an angle iron, fixed in the notch, and extending laterally beyond the sides of the pile. To this angle a hooked concreteanchoring rod (or pair of rods) optionally may be fixed.

PATENTEU AUG] 7 \971 SHEET 1 OF 2 FIG.

FIG. 2,

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ROBERT FRED MOORE AND rALVI N EDWARD MO ORE INVENTORS.

ATTORN EY.

PATENTEU Mun 7197i SHEET 2 BF 2 Pie/1o FIG l3 ROBERT FRE D MOGRE AND r'ALVI N EDWARD MOORE INVENTORS.-

ATTQDN EY.

PILE-AND-CONCRETE CONNECTOR Concrete slabs that are anchored on the tops of piles are frequently subjected to uplifting forces, for example due to the swaying of a tall building or the flooding of water on the slab, with consequent separation of piles and concrete. Pile-andconcrete connectors have long been known, but the types that at present are commonly used have little efficiency in resisting this uplift.

In view of these facts, an object of this invention is to provide an efficient andeconomical means for holding concrete in place on a plurality of piles. Other objects are: (I) to invent a metallic concrete anchor in combination with a pile top that has a notch on each side, the notch having an inclined surface against which the anchor is supported during uplift of the concrete; (2) to provide such a combination in which the anchor comprises a metal plate bearing against the said inclined surface (or optionally against concrete between the surface and plate); (3) to provide such a combination in which the anchor comprises an angle iron, one face of which bears against the inclined surface; and (4) to provide a combination of a notched pile top, and an anchor that comprises such an angle iron and a hooked rod that is fixedly connected to the angle iron.

The foregoing'and other objectives of the invention will become more fully apparent from the following detailed description of the invented structure and the accompanying drawings.

FIG. I is an elevational view, partly broken away, of the notched top of one of the slab-supporting piles that is anchored in concrete by one form ofthe metallic anchoring device.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view upward from the plane 2-2 of FIG. 1, partly broken away.

FIG. 3 is a detail, isometric, exploded'view of the parts of the connecting device of FIG. 1, with the pile shown as broken away.

FIG. 4 is a similar isometric view, showing an alternative type of connection between the anchoring plate and the concrete-anchoring rod. 7

FIG. 5 is a side view, from the plane 5-5 of FIG. 4, on a scale enlarged from that of FIG. 4, of the recessed end of an anchoring rod.

FIG. 6 is a detail, sectional view, partly broken away, of a welded type of connection of the rod to a notch-supported anchor plate, the pile being shown as of wood.

FIG. 7 is a similar view of another type of welded anchoring plate and rod, the pile being shown as of concrete.

FIG. 8 is a detail, isometric, exploded view, partly broken away, of an alternative type of rod-and-plate connecting means.

FIG. 9 is a viewof the rod-pinching plate of FIG. 8; and FIG. 10 is a side elevational view of this plate.

FIG. 11 is a partly broken away sectional view of an alternative type of connecting device between concrete and a pile, utilizing angle irons, shown before the .concrete slab is poured on the pile's top; this view is from a plane in vertical section thru one of the anchoring rods.

FIG. 12 is a top plan view of another form of the connecting device between the pile and the inclined concrete-anchoring rods, usable with either a wooden or a concrete pile.

FIG.,13 is a view in section from the plane 13-13 of FIG. 12 (but showing a hook-connecting metal strap instead of the wire of FIG. 12), with the pile being illustrated as partly broken away, before the concrete slab is poured.

FIG. 14 is a detail, side view from the plane 14-14 of FIG. 13, showing concrete-anchoring hooks of the type of FIGS. 12 and 13, but extending farther above the top surface of the pile than the hooks ofFIG. 13.

Each of the disclosed sets of the metallic elements of the pile-and-concrete connecting device is optionally usable in combination with either a wooden or a concrete pile. But

. when the sets of FIGS. 1 to 4 and 8 are applied to a concrete pile top the staples that are shown in these figures are eliminated; and whenthe set of FIG. 11 is thus applied the optional screw shown at the top surface of the pile is eliminated, and may be replaced by a concrete nail.

Each of the embodiments of the invention comprises a pile top, having oppositely placed notches in its sides. In FIGS. 1 and 3, these notches are shown at 1; they are made by making two saw cuts in the sides of a wooden pile. In each notch there is a steel plate, 2, bearing upward (directly in FIGS. 1, 8, ll, 12 and 13; indirectly, via set slab concrete, in FIGS. 6 and 7) against the upper inclined surface of the notch; and against this plate an elongated nut, 3, is screwed on the threaded end of the concrete-anchoring rod 4. The illustrated pair of rods 4, having hooks 5, extend upward into the concrete slab 6, and together with anchoring devices on other piles resist uplifting forces on the concrete.

In assembling the parts of the connecting device, each rod is extended downward thru an inclined hole that has been bored from one side of the piles top surface to and thru the upper, inclined surface of a notch. Then a nut, 3, is screwed on the lower end of the rod; and, to hold the rod in its proper position while the concrete is poured, a staple 7 is driven upward into the wood and tightly against the end of the rod.

Two alternative structures for fastening the bearing plate to the rod are shown in FIGS. 4 and 5; and FIGS. 8 to 10. In FIGS. 4 and 5, the lower end of the rod has a pair of opposite recesses, 8; and the bearing plate 9 has a keyholelike slot, comprising a round part, 10, large enough to go over the cylindrical part of the lower end of the rod, and a slot part, II, hav ing parallel sides that lit closely into the recess. In assembly, the round part 10 is slipped over the rod end until it is over the recess 8, the plate 9 is moved endwise until it is held in the recess, and the staple 7 is driven into the pile.

In the form of FIGS. 8 to 10 the steel plate-fasteningdevice (optionally of resilient steel) comprises grooves, 12, formed in the surface of the lower end of the rod, and a locking fastener 13. The grooves 12 are somewhat similar to screw threads, but are circular instead of spiral. The fastening plate 13 has a hole 14 and slits 15 that radiate from the hole. This hole has a diameter that is smaller than the diameter of the rod 16 and approximately equal to the diameter of the inner, smaller circle of each of the fastener-holding grooves. In assembly, the hole 18 of plate 20 is placed over the end of the rod, and then the fastener 13 is pressed over a lower group of the grooves. In its forced movement its portions between radial slits l5 deflect or spring backward; and when the fastener is stopped over one of the grooves these portions deflect back toward their original position and thus lock the bearing plate in place on the rod.

FIGS. 6 and 7 illustrate another, simple but very effective structure for fastening the bearing plate to the rod. This comprises welding, 21, done after the pile (containing a hole for the rod 22) is driven into place. In FIG. 6 the bearing plate 24, which rests on the bottom, substantially horizontal surface of a notch in the pile, has a positioning tab or flange 26, which optionally may be fixed to the pile, if it is wooden as shown, by a nail, driven thru a hole in the flange. In FIG. 7, the bearing plate 24 optionally may have such a flange, but it is illustrated as a piece of steel bar or plate that is laid on the ledge of the notch, before the rod 22 is inserted in theinclined hole. If desired, this plate may have an outer edge that projects slightly beyond the curved boundary of the ledge.

The rod-fastening assembly of either FIG. 6 or FIG. 7 may be used with either a wooden or a concrete pile. In FIG. 7 a concrete pile, 28, is illustrated. It has in it a preformed inclined rod hole which may be made by a removable solid rod or core in the concrete mold; but preferably in the mold a pipe 30 is placed before pouring the concrete of the pile. This pipe, preferably of steel but optionally of reinforced plastic, adds strength to the upper end of the pile and forms the hole thru it for the concrete-anchoring rod 22.

FIG. 11 shows alternative structure for fastening the inclined concrete-ahchoring rods to the pile. Here the upper part of each rod is shown as factory-welded to an angle iron (angled plate). This plate optionally may be placed on the side of the rod toward the pile's axis, as illustrated at 32, or on the side away from this axis, as at 34. It is securely welded to the rod at its upper edge, by welding 36, and preferably also welding along its line of contact with the rod.

The lower end of the rod is held against the pile by means of an angle iron, 38, and by a long nut, 40, or its general equivalent, a welding or fastening device of one of the types shown in FIGS. 4 to 8. Optionally and preferably, the angle irons 38 project beyond opposite sides of the pile, in the manner illustrated in FIG. 12. These projections aid in resisting uplifting forces on the concrete slab, which has not yet been poured on the concrete-anchoring structure of each of FIGS. 11 to 14.

In summation: each of the disclosed forms of the pile-andconcrete connector comprises: an upper, aboveground portion of a pile having a pair of notches, I, (cut in a wooden pile), each of the notches having a pair of connected surfaces (an upper, inclined surface and a lower surface intersecting the upper notch surface at an angle); and concrete-anchoring means that comprises-at each side of the pile-an upper part that is imbedded in the slab concrete after it is poured (each of the hooks 5 in FIGS. 1 and 2, or of the hooks 54 in FIGS. 13 and 14, or of the hooks and/or the angle irons 32 and 34 in FIG. 11); a second, lower part, within the notch and bearing upward (directly or, as in FIGS. 6 and 7, indirectly via concrete in the notch), this lower part being the plate 2 in FIG. I, or the angle iron 38 or 44 in FIGS. 11 and 13; and means connecting these upper and lower parts and transmitting uplift force on the concrete slab from the said upper part to the said lower part, comprising, on each side of the pile an upright rod (4 in FIGS. 1 and 3, 22 in FIGS. 6 and 7, 16 in FIG. 8, 52in FIGS. 12 to 14).

When, as illustrated in FIG. 11, the pile is of wood the upper angles optionally may be further held in position by a screw or the like, 42; but as this involves an extra move by the workman it is not currently preferred.

In the form of the connecting device shown in FIGS. 12 to 14, usable with either a wooden or a concrete pile, the concrete-anchoring rods do not project thru holes in the pile. Instead, they are strongly connected to angled elements in opposite notches in the side of the pile. These elements may be of the type shown in FIG. 11 at 38, but are illustrated in FIG. 13 as comprising triangularly strong channels, each of which has an elongated angle iron, 44, an upright bar, 46, and weldmg between the bar and angle.

Between each pair of the parts of the channels that project laterally beyond the pile a cross tie, 48 (9 steel rod or equivalent bar) is located. This element extends thru holes in the channels, and is strongly fixed to the channels by an elongated nut or equivalent fastener, 50. Optionally and as illustrated, the other end also may be threaded into a nut; or this end may have a bolthead. In any event, the pair of crossties securely clamp the triangular channels into the notches of the pile; and, together with the pair of concrete-anchoring rods that they support, they resist uplifting forces on the concrete slab.

We claim:

1. A concrete-slab supporting and anchoring device comprising:

a pile, adapted to be driven in upright position into ground with an upper portion above the ground, comprising at least one elongated notch on a side of said upper portion, the said notch having upper and lower, connectedsurifaces, at an angle to each other, and intersecting at an elongated line that extends from one point on the piles perimeter to another point on said perimeter; and

concrete-anchoring means for resisting uplift on the concrete slab, comprising: an upper part, located above the said notch, adapted to be imbedded-in and to hold said concrete slab after it is poured oversaid upper pile portion; a second, lower part, havingat least a major por tion within said notch, for transmittal of the said uplift to said upper surface of the notch; and

means connecting said upper and lower parts, for transmitting the force of said uplift from said upper, concreteanchoring part to said lower part and to said upper notch surface.

2. A device as set forth in claim I, in which: the said second part of the concrete-anchoring means comprises a middle portion of an angled plate, adapted to fit in said notch and the first-named part of the concrete-anchoring means comprises opposite, outer ends of said angled plate.

3. A device as set forth in claim 1, in which the said pile has an inclined hole extending thru its upper portion from the top of the pile to said notch, and has an approximately horizontal lower surface, defining the lower part of said notch, and in which: said second part of the concrete anchoring means comprises a metal plate, resting on said approximately horizontal surface; the first-named part of said concrete-anchoring means is above the pile; and the said connecting means comprises a rod, extending thru said inclined hole, and means fastening the lower end of the rod to said metal plate.

4. A device as set forth in claim 3, in which said last-named fastening means comprises in situ welding between the said lower rod end and metal plate.

5. A device as set forth in claim 1, comprising: a pair of notches of the type specified in claim 1, oppositely placed with respect to the axis of the pile, each notch comprising a said upper surface that is inclined upward and outward from the axis of the pile; on each side of said axis, a said upper part and a said lower part, at least a major portion of which is in one of said notches; and force-transmitting means connecting the said upper parts to the said lower parts.

6. A device as set forth in claim 6, in which each of the said lower parts comprises an angle iron, having end portions that project laterally beyond a said notch and beyond the perimeter of the pile.

7. A device as set forth in claim 6, in which said pile is one of a plurality of adjacent piles, said device further comprising a slab of concrete, supported by the upper portion of the piles, and surrounding the said upper part of each of said concreteanchoring means.

8. A device as set forth in claim 6, in which the said upper part of the said concrete-anchoring means comprises metallic hook means above the pile, and the said second part comprises a metal plate.

9. A device as set forth in claim 8, in which each of the said connecting means comprises an upright rod. jomed to said hook at its upper end, and fastening means for connecting the lower end of the rod to said plate.

10. A device as set forth in claim 9, comprising holding means for preventing downward shifting of said upright rod when concrete is poured, comprising an upper plate, adapted to rest on the top of the pile, and means fastening the plate to the rod.

11. A device as set forth in claim 10, in which said upper plate comprises angled portions.

12. A device as set forth in claim 9, in which said pile comprisesconcrete and has inclined pipes, each of which, contain ing one of said rods, extends from the top of the pile to a notch of the said type.

13. A device as set forth in claim 9, in'which: the said pile is of wood and has an inclined hole extending thru it from the top of the pile to each of the pair of notches; and each of the said rods extends thru one of the inclined holes.

14. A device as set forth in claim 13, in which the said rod has a grooved lower end, and comprising circular grooves the said fastening means comprises a metallic plate having in its middle part a hole that is smaller than the periphery of said rod, and having slits thru its thickness that extend from the said hole to points spaced from the periphery of the plate, said plate, hole and slits beingconstructedand arranged to permit said hole to be forced over the said grooved end of the rod and to cause the edgedefining said hole to-pinchand hold the grooved end.

1-5. A device as set forth in claim 13, in which the said rod has a screw-threaded lower end, and said fastening means comprises a nut on thescrew-threaded end. 

1. A concrete-slab supporting and anchoring device comprising: a pile, adapted to be driven in upright position into ground with an upper portion above the ground, comprising at least one elongated notch on a side of said upper portion, the said notch having upper and lower, connected surfaces, at an angle to each other, and intersecting at an elongated line that extends from one point on the pile''s perimeter to another point on said perimeter; and concrete-anchoring means for resisting uplift on the concrete slab, comprising: an upper part, located above the said notch, adapted to be imbedded in and to hold said concrete slab after it is poured over said upper pile portion; a second, lower part, having at least a major portion within said notch, bearing upward for transmittal of the said uplift to said upper surface of the notch; and means connecting said upper and lower parts, for transmitting the force of said uplift from said upper, concrete-anchoring part to said lower part and to said upper notch surface.
 2. A device as set forth in claim 1, in which: the said second part of the concrete-anchoring means comprises a middle portion of an angled plate, adapted to fit in said notch and the first-named part of the concrete-anchoring means comprises opposite, outer ends of said angled plate.
 3. A device as set forth in claim 1, in which the said pile has an inclined hole extending thru its upper portion from the top of the pile to said notch, and has an approximately horizontal lower surface, defining the lower part of said notch, and in which: said second part of the concrete anchoring means comprises a metal plate, resting on said approximately horizontal surface; the first-named part of said concrete-anchoring means is above the pile; and the said connecting means comprises a rod, extending thru said inclined hole, and means fastening the lower end of the rod to said metal plate.
 4. A device as set forth in claim 3, in which said last-named fastening means comprises in situ welding between the said lower rod end and metal plate.
 5. A device as set forth in claim 1, comprising: a pair of notches of the type specified in claim 1, oppositely placed with respect to the axis of the pile, each notch comprising a said upper surface that is inclined upward and outward from the axis of the pile; on each side of said axis, a said upper part and a said lower part, at least a major portion of which is in one of said notches; and force-transmitting means connecting the said upper parts to the said lower parts.
 6. A device as set forth in claim 6, in which each of the said lower parts comprises an angle iron, having end portions that project laterally beyond A said notch and beyond the perimeter of the pile.
 7. A device as set forth in claim 6, in which said pile is one of a plurality of adjacent piles, said device further comprising a slab of concrete, supported by the upper portion of the piles, and surrounding the said upper part of each of said concrete-anchoring means.
 8. A device as set forth in claim 6, in which the said upper part of the said concrete-anchoring means comprises metallic hook means above the pile, and the said second part comprises a metal plate.
 9. A device as set forth in claim 8, in which each of the said connecting means comprises an upright rod, joined to said hook at its upper end, and fastening means for connecting the lower end of the rod to said plate.
 10. A device as set forth in claim 9, comprising holding means for preventing downward shifting of said upright rod when concrete is poured, comprising an upper plate, adapted to rest on the top of the pile, and means fastening the plate to the rod.
 11. A device as set forth in claim 10, in which said upper plate comprises angled portions.
 12. A device as set forth in claim 9, in which said pile comprises concrete and has inclined pipes, each of which, containing one of said rods, extends from the top of the pile to a notch of the said type.
 13. A device as set forth in claim 9, in which: the said pile is of wood and has an inclined hole extending thru it from the top of the pile to each of the pair of notches; and each of the said rods extends thru one of the inclined holes.
 14. A device as set forth in claim 13, in which the said rod has a grooved lower end, and comprising circular grooves the said fastening means comprises a metallic plate having in its middle part a hole that is smaller than the periphery of said rod, and having slits thru its thickness that extend from the said hole to points spaced from the periphery of the plate, said plate, hole and slits being constructed and arranged to permit said hole to be forced over the said grooved end of the rod and to cause the edge defining said hole to pinch and hold the grooved end.
 15. A device as set forth in claim 13, in which the said rod has a screw-threaded lower end, and said fastening means comprises a nut on the screw-threaded end. 